The use of non-traditional alternatives in asphalt as substitution to virgin aggregates has been extensively spread in an attempt to shift towards sustainable road construction practices. Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Fly Ash (MSWI-FA) is amid the non-traditional materials that are used as a substitution for raw aggregates in bituminous mixtures. This paper investigates the rutting resistance of different AC mixtures with several percentages of filler and fine aggregate replacement. For this purpose, an experimental program comprising Dynamic Modulus Test and Stress Sweep Rutting Test is utilized to characterize permanent deformation evolution in the different asphalt mixtures. Furthermore, the Rutting Strain Index (RSI) is quantified to provide a comparative assessment of permanent deformation susceptibility between the asphalt mixtures with various MSWI-FA incorporation percentages. The work provided herein aimed to study aspects associated to various fields notably enhancing the sustainability of AC mixtures through the exploration of the potential of using MSWI-FA to substitute virgin aggregate and the assessment of the rutting performance of these mixtures using advanced material characterization. The findings revealed that the use of MSWI-FA as filler or fine aggregates replacement affected the mix properties. All mixtures with MSWI-FA were advocated for a standard traffic level when used as surface layers. Using 5% of MSWI-FA as fine aggregates or full filler replacement yielded a slightly higher RSI value (4.42% and 4.83%, respectively) than the threshold limit for heavy traffic level (4%) which might be acceptable and recommended in situations where asphalt pavement is to be constructed in climatic zones where permanent deformation is not a concern or is considered with standard traffic loads.